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	<title>Comments on: Bruce Schneier : Architecture &#038; Security</title>
	<atom:link href="http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/</link>
	<description>How do people use products, systems and environments?  How can designers influence interaction?  How can we design for sustainable behaviour?</description>
	<pubDate>Sat, 11 Oct 2008 17:11:29 +0000</pubDate>
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		<title>By: zerolmzero &#187; Blog Archive &#187; Broken Landscape</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-163773</link>
		<dc:creator>zerolmzero &#187; Blog Archive &#187; Broken Landscape</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 21 Feb 2008 13:02:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-163773</guid>
		<description>[...] Een tijd terug kwam ik een artikel tegen over architectuur die er voornamelijk op gericht is om de ruimte te vrijwaren van betogingen, skaters, &#8230;. Toen ik deze rare architecturale ingreep tegenkwam moest ik daar direct aan terugdenken. [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Een tijd terug kwam ik een artikel tegen over architectuur die er voornamelijk op gericht is om de ruimte te vrijwaren van betogingen, skaters, &#8230;. Toen ik deze rare architecturale ingreep tegenkwam moest ik daar direct aan terugdenken. [...]</p>
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		<title>By: ALEKS</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-160360</link>
		<dc:creator>ALEKS</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 16 Feb 2008 12:20:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-160360</guid>
		<description>hello to everyone I would like to ask if any of the experts here publishing can say something about security and the design of the future airporis. having is mind the the complexity of the time today and a various threats constantly indangering the safty of the aviation industry.
what is your opinion?
when and at what stage should the sicurity be involved and be implemented in the design and documentation of an airport? and how important is it overall? 
how far does architects knowledge about security in reach?
in advance i thank you for your opinion. 
best regards
aleks</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>hello to everyone I would like to ask if any of the experts here publishing can say something about security and the design of the future airporis. having is mind the the complexity of the time today and a various threats constantly indangering the safty of the aviation industry.<br />
what is your opinion?<br />
when and at what stage should the sicurity be involved and be implemented in the design and documentation of an airport? and how important is it overall?<br />
how far does architects knowledge about security in reach?<br />
in advance i thank you for your opinion.<br />
best regards<br />
aleks</p>
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		<title>By: Dan Lockton: A Fanatic About Architectures of Control &#187; Fanatic Attack</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-101653</link>
		<dc:creator>Dan Lockton: A Fanatic About Architectures of Control &#187; Fanatic Attack</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Oct 2007 12:17:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-101653</guid>
		<description>[...] One example that he uses to show control in urban environments includes the following: For example, paving an area with pebbles to make it uncomfortable for barefoot protesters to congregate - U Texas, Austin and a system which curtails a targeted individual’s mobility by remotely disabling a public transport pay-card have very different specific strategies, but the overall intention in both cases is to restrict access based on some characteristic of the user, whether it’s bare feet or some data field in an ID system. In one case the intended ’strength’ of the method is fairly weak (it’s more about discouragement); in the other the intended strength is high: this individual’s freedom must be curtailed, and attempted circumvention must be detected [links and emphasis are Lockton&#8217;s]. [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] One example that he uses to show control in urban environments includes the following: For example, paving an area with pebbles to make it uncomfortable for barefoot protesters to congregate - U Texas, Austin and a system which curtails a targeted individual’s mobility by remotely disabling a public transport pay-card have very different specific strategies, but the overall intention in both cases is to restrict access based on some characteristic of the user, whether it’s bare feet or some data field in an ID system. In one case the intended ’strength’ of the method is fairly weak (it’s more about discouragement); in the other the intended strength is high: this individual’s freedom must be curtailed, and attempted circumvention must be detected [links and emphasis are Lockton&#8217;s]. [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Felix</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-80664</link>
		<dc:creator>Felix</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 21 Jul 2007 16:23:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-80664</guid>
		<description>"making it painful for hippies to walk barefoot"

Surely 'making it painful to sit down' is more likely? A lawn is an attractive place to congregate, whereas I imagine the Texan sun would quickly become uncomfortable while standing around on stone.

Of course, this means you'd have to stop people sitting on the planters too: opportunity for some spikes!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;making it painful for hippies to walk barefoot&#8221;</p>
<p>Surely &#8216;making it painful to sit down&#8217; is more likely? A lawn is an attractive place to congregate, whereas I imagine the Texan sun would quickly become uncomfortable while standing around on stone.</p>
<p>Of course, this means you&#8217;d have to stop people sitting on the planters too: opportunity for some spikes!</p>
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		<title>By: archiPWNED at fulminate // Architectures of Control</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-62783</link>
		<dc:creator>archiPWNED at fulminate // Architectures of Control</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 24 May 2007 19:08:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-62783</guid>
		<description>[...] I know there are some architecture graduates, students and enthusiasts who read this blog, but not knowing enough, myself, about the subject, I&#8217;d be very interested to know: To what extent are notions of control and behaviour-shaping taught as part of architectural training? This series of discussion board posts suggest that the issue is definitely there for architecture students, but is it framed as a conscious, positive process (e.g. &#8220;funnel the pedestrians past the shops&#8221;), a reactionary one (e.g. &#8220;use pebbled paving to make it painful for hippies to congregate&#8220;), or as something else entirely? [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] I know there are some architecture graduates, students and enthusiasts who read this blog, but not knowing enough, myself, about the subject, I&#8217;d be very interested to know: To what extent are notions of control and behaviour-shaping taught as part of architectural training? This series of discussion board posts suggest that the issue is definitely there for architecture students, but is it framed as a conscious, positive process (e.g. &#8220;funnel the pedestrians past the shops&#8221;), a reactionary one (e.g. &#8220;use pebbled paving to make it painful for hippies to congregate&#8220;), or as something else entirely? [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Bollardian nightmare? at fulminate // Architectures of Control</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-23113</link>
		<dc:creator>Bollardian nightmare? at fulminate // Architectures of Control</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 06 Dec 2006 16:19:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-23113</guid>
		<description>[...] In conjunction with the vestibule system suggested in the SABRE quote above, that seems the most sensible approach to take. The DfT also has some other sensible guidelines:  Three wheeled vehicles, motorcycles and vehicles with trailers, for example, may not be sensed by the vehicle detectors used with automatic bollard systems. It will almost certainly be necessary to provide alternative means of access for some classes of road users or vehicles. The possibility of a device rising under a wheelchair or pushchair should be taken into account. The risks could be mitigated to some extent by providing suitable alternative access adjacent to the bollards, and by using a coarse road surface to divert pedestrians away from the bollard installation [interesting! - see also the pebble paving to make barefoot walking uncomfortable, mentioned here]. Whilst most applications will be to enable the passage of one vehicle at a time, there will be instances where two or more vehicles attempt to pass through in close succession. The system should ensure that bollards cannot rise beneath a vehicle because of the danger this would create. It is better to risk a certain amount of violation by &#8220;tailgating&#8221; vehicles, rather that put road users at risk. Any system, however well designed, will fail to operate correctly on occasions. The system should fail to a safe state, ideally with the bollards retracted. In the event if an accident the emergency services may need to override the control system and retract the bollards. [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] In conjunction with the vestibule system suggested in the SABRE quote above, that seems the most sensible approach to take. The DfT also has some other sensible guidelines:  Three wheeled vehicles, motorcycles and vehicles with trailers, for example, may not be sensed by the vehicle detectors used with automatic bollard systems. It will almost certainly be necessary to provide alternative means of access for some classes of road users or vehicles. The possibility of a device rising under a wheelchair or pushchair should be taken into account. The risks could be mitigated to some extent by providing suitable alternative access adjacent to the bollards, and by using a coarse road surface to divert pedestrians away from the bollard installation [interesting! - see also the pebble paving to make barefoot walking uncomfortable, mentioned here]. Whilst most applications will be to enable the passage of one vehicle at a time, there will be instances where two or more vehicles attempt to pass through in close succession. The system should ensure that bollards cannot rise beneath a vehicle because of the danger this would create. It is better to risk a certain amount of violation by &#8220;tailgating&#8221; vehicles, rather that put road users at risk. Any system, however well designed, will fail to operate correctly on occasions. The system should fail to a safe state, ideally with the bollards retracted. In the event if an accident the emergency services may need to override the control system and retract the bollards. [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Architectures of Control in Design &#187; Enforcing reverence &#38; increasing mental acuity?</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-12725</link>
		<dc:creator>Architectures of Control in Design &#187; Enforcing reverence &#38; increasing mental acuity?</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 30 Oct 2006 12:53:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-12725</guid>
		<description>[...] Simon Crilley, designer and author of the Future Thinking blog, left a very interesting comment on the recent &#8216;Architecture &#38; Security&#8216; post: &#8220;These architectures of control aren’t new: temples in India and Morocco have gateways with lintels so low that people must dip or bow to enter the temple, just in case they weren’t intending to respect their gods.&#8221; [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Simon Crilley, designer and author of the Future Thinking blog, left a very interesting comment on the recent &#8216;Architecture &#38; Security&#8216; post: &#8220;These architectures of control aren’t new: temples in India and Morocco have gateways with lintels so low that people must dip or bow to enter the temple, just in case they weren’t intending to respect their gods.&#8221; [...]</p>
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		<title>By: None of</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-12548</link>
		<dc:creator>None of</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 28 Oct 2006 21:46:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-12548</guid>
		<description>Thank you. And I'm glad to hear that the postings were apparently quarantined rather than simply erased.

I'm surprised about linkless blog spam. I've seen none anywhere else.

Is there anywhere that "architectures of control", and especially anti-circumvention laws, are discussed as a constitutional issue, as an effective end-run around due process and a host of bill of rights clauses, up to and including the first amendment? And international equivalents, of course.

To what extent is this crypto-fascist people-control creep being resisted with civil disobedience? Some of the "anti-sit" devices look susceptible to being pried off or otherwise removed. (Not to mention, susceptibility to liability lawsuits.)

The effects on the disabled should merit discussion too, I think. The gadgets long used to prevent shopping cart theft deny access to wheelchairs. They seem to have been phased out in many places, in favor of cart-return spaces in parking lots (without any serious cart-theft resulting, as I understand); but many of these architectures of control pose greater obstacles to the disabled. People with emphysema or metabolic disorders and anti-sit devices; people with color blindness or other visual impairments and actinic blue light in public restrooms; the list of potential problems goes on. Will there one day be a wrongful-death lawsuit against a park with questionable benches, or even none at all, and against the city containing the park, and the manufacturer, because of an exertion-triggered heart attack? Or a fall onto a window ledge that impales? I wonder.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thank you. And I&#8217;m glad to hear that the postings were apparently quarantined rather than simply erased.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m surprised about linkless blog spam. I&#8217;ve seen none anywhere else.</p>
<p>Is there anywhere that &#8220;architectures of control&#8221;, and especially anti-circumvention laws, are discussed as a constitutional issue, as an effective end-run around due process and a host of bill of rights clauses, up to and including the first amendment? And international equivalents, of course.</p>
<p>To what extent is this crypto-fascist people-control creep being resisted with civil disobedience? Some of the &#8220;anti-sit&#8221; devices look susceptible to being pried off or otherwise removed. (Not to mention, susceptibility to liability lawsuits.)</p>
<p>The effects on the disabled should merit discussion too, I think. The gadgets long used to prevent shopping cart theft deny access to wheelchairs. They seem to have been phased out in many places, in favor of cart-return spaces in parking lots (without any serious cart-theft resulting, as I understand); but many of these architectures of control pose greater obstacles to the disabled. People with emphysema or metabolic disorders and anti-sit devices; people with color blindness or other visual impairments and actinic blue light in public restrooms; the list of potential problems goes on. Will there one day be a wrongful-death lawsuit against a park with questionable benches, or even none at all, and against the city containing the park, and the manufacturer, because of an exertion-triggered heart attack? Or a fall onto a window ledge that impales? I wonder.</p>
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		<title>By: Dan</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-12371</link>
		<dc:creator>Dan</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 27 Oct 2006 16:14:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-12371</guid>
		<description>OK, I've recovered all (I think) your comments - though I had to post the cartridge one manually. The software (SpamKarma2) doesn't seem to have recovered it even when I told it to do so; I don't know why. I'll keep a very careful eye on what it flags as spam in the future. As far as I know, it has only had a couple of false positives in the 9 months or so I've been using it. 

In case it's of interest, &lt;a href="http://www.danlockton.co.uk/research/images/spamkarma2.png"&gt;this&lt;/a&gt; is a screenshot of SpamKarma2's 'reasoning' behind classing one of your comments as spam. You can see it's initially given the comment a 'black mark' because you commented on a post which was dated 11 months ago, and a common characteristic of comment spam is that it often accompanies posts that are many months or years old. In this particular case, the result is my fault: I re-stickied the 'Welcome' post to explain the blog to new readers, but didn't change the recorded posting date. To counter this problem in future, I've now disabled the date-related component of the spam filter. Looking at the screenshot again, you can see the 'retro-spanking' triggered by later comments from your IP, which I presume included the 'duplicate' (from the filter's point of view), and thus it subsequently deleted the earlier comment  as well. 

I apologise for the episode but it really is a result of unfortunate filtering and nothing deliberate.  

&lt;blockquote&gt;Nobody spams a blog without including a link&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Sadly that isn't true. About a quarter of the 150-odd spam comments I now get each day are simply hexadecimal strings with no links. I presume this is as part of a 'test' by spam bots to identify 'vulnerable' blogs, i.e. those which will allow meaningless or irrelevant posts, as a prelude to a later attack.

By the way, of course I agree with you about the ridiculous distortion of the meaning of 'anti-social'. I only found the anti-barefoot paving amusing from an "what must be running through the minds of these planners?" point of view. You've hit the nail on the head with the  use of architectures of control to enforce pseudo-'laws' to regulate (alter, force, coerce) behaviour purely at the behest of companies or governments who could not otherwise get such power. Please do keep posting and I will try to make sure that the comments are not wrongly itnerpreted again.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>OK, I&#8217;ve recovered all (I think) your comments - though I had to post the cartridge one manually. The software (SpamKarma2) doesn&#8217;t seem to have recovered it even when I told it to do so; I don&#8217;t know why. I&#8217;ll keep a very careful eye on what it flags as spam in the future. As far as I know, it has only had a couple of false positives in the 9 months or so I&#8217;ve been using it. </p>
<p>In case it&#8217;s of interest, <a href="http://www.danlockton.co.uk/research/images/spamkarma2.png">this</a> is a screenshot of SpamKarma2&#8217;s &#8216;reasoning&#8217; behind classing one of your comments as spam. You can see it&#8217;s initially given the comment a &#8216;black mark&#8217; because you commented on a post which was dated 11 months ago, and a common characteristic of comment spam is that it often accompanies posts that are many months or years old. In this particular case, the result is my fault: I re-stickied the &#8216;Welcome&#8217; post to explain the blog to new readers, but didn&#8217;t change the recorded posting date. To counter this problem in future, I&#8217;ve now disabled the date-related component of the spam filter. Looking at the screenshot again, you can see the &#8216;retro-spanking&#8217; triggered by later comments from your IP, which I presume included the &#8216;duplicate&#8217; (from the filter&#8217;s point of view), and thus it subsequently deleted the earlier comment  as well. </p>
<p>I apologise for the episode but it really is a result of unfortunate filtering and nothing deliberate.  </p>
<blockquote><p>Nobody spams a blog without including a link</p></blockquote>
<p>Sadly that isn&#8217;t true. About a quarter of the 150-odd spam comments I now get each day are simply hexadecimal strings with no links. I presume this is as part of a &#8216;test&#8217; by spam bots to identify &#8216;vulnerable&#8217; blogs, i.e. those which will allow meaningless or irrelevant posts, as a prelude to a later attack.</p>
<p>By the way, of course I agree with you about the ridiculous distortion of the meaning of &#8216;anti-social&#8217;. I only found the anti-barefoot paving amusing from an &#8220;what must be running through the minds of these planners?&#8221; point of view. You&#8217;ve hit the nail on the head with the  use of architectures of control to enforce pseudo-&#8217;laws&#8217; to regulate (alter, force, coerce) behaviour purely at the behest of companies or governments who could not otherwise get such power. Please do keep posting and I will try to make sure that the comments are not wrongly itnerpreted again.</p>
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		<title>By: Dan</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-12073</link>
		<dc:creator>Dan</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Oct 2006 11:21:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-12073</guid>
		<description>Honestly, there is no human involvement in  removing your posts. I'm on holiday, I'm posting from an inernet café, I don't have the Wordpress login details with me, so please believe me when I say that I'll sort it out in a few days' time. 

If you want to see (fascinating) genuinely human-censored comment, check &lt;a href="http://newsniffer.newworldodour.co.uk/"&gt;Newsniffer&lt;/a&gt;!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Honestly, there is no human involvement in  removing your posts. I&#8217;m on holiday, I&#8217;m posting from an inernet café, I don&#8217;t have the Wordpress login details with me, so please believe me when I say that I&#8217;ll sort it out in a few days&#8217; time. </p>
<p>If you want to see (fascinating) genuinely human-censored comment, check <a href="http://newsniffer.newworldodour.co.uk/">Newsniffer</a>!</p>
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		<title>By: Why</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-11912</link>
		<dc:creator>Why</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Oct 2006 15:15:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-11912</guid>
		<description>Eh. It's a rogue bot? Odd. None of my comments contained links. Most were posted OK, then one triggered the 403 thing and now I have to use an anonymizer to post successfully. Probably the whole ISP's been blocked. Moreover, the posts I made before were all deleted! Even the ones that were not objectionable (i.e., before the one that failed, or maybe the one before that one, which suggested working around bad ink cartridges that whine at you to put a coin in the slot to continue and was quite on-topic).

Why is anything automatically nuking posts given the captcha anyway? If bots can't post, there's no need for bots to moderate.

Simple quick fix -- just disable the rogue bot. The captcha will keep any big blitzkrieg spam runs too big for a human to cope with from happening.

I've seen similar rogue bots cause problems elsewhere, though never so extreme as blanket-banning IP ranges and deleting someone's entire history of posts after objecting to just one of them before. In my opinion, they are nothing but trouble, and a captcha and the odd manual check and deletion should suffice. If an actual human being takes the time to spam, it can't be so much that an actual human being can't take the time to delete the spam, after all.

Certainly, the bot should limit itself to deleting the one post it decides is offending and taking no other action. Probably to just flagging it as "suspicious" for your attention. How often does a live human validate themselves at the captcha and then post a spam, anyway?

Another little hint: the bot can surely safely ignore posts with no links (or even URLs-as-text) inside and a bogus one supplied to the URI form. :)

Also, the behavior observed seems to have likely required some human component. I don't recall anything in the posts that should have twigged a bot. Besides the strong pro-legitimacy weighting the lack of links should have granted, there were no swear words, excessive caps/punctuation, or words in languages like Chinese that pretty much scream "spam" when they are used in an English-language blog's comment form. Basically, no Bayesian filter with even a minimum of proper training should have identified any of them as spam. Which suggests some idiosyncratic criterion unrelated to the content at all, or else twigging on something that wasn't indicative of spam but of, say, an unwelcome opinion being expressed (albeit civilly). Rogue bot it may well be, but it "looks like" censorship given the lack of obvious "red flags" from a purely anti-spam standpoint, and the strong "green flag" that should make postings either go through without question, or at least with an overwhelming number of strongly-weighted "red flag" items required to counterbalance it. Nobody spams a blog without including a link(!), and non-spam abuse (especially that survives a captcha) can generally be coped with without resorting to bots set to shoot-first-ask-questions-later.

Sorry to carp on, but this kind of thing is troubling and disturbing to me. Especially seeing as the problem with "architectures of control" (when they move beyond wacky-pronged plugs designed not to be accidentally hooked up in "fry the fancy $3000 video-editing computer" rather than "power the fancy $3000 video-editing computer" configuration, anyway) is basically that they trample all over peoples' property rights, due process rights, right to elect their legislature, and so forth. (The DMCA, especially, gives the force of criminal law to arbitrary, corporation-written "laws". Basically allowing CEOs to legislate from the conference room. Repealing the DMCA or requiring CEOs be elected by popular vote seems indicated, in order to preserve even a semblance of democracy. It's bad enough that a lot of legislation, especially regulatory legislation, is now routinely ghost-written by the very people it's supposed to regulate...yes that includes all the copyright laws and such, since those were supposed to regulate publishers, i.e. what are now the Big Media Conglomerates(tm), NOT Joe Citizen...Oh, and did I mention that DRM and the like also function as cop, judge, jury, &lt;i&gt;and&lt;/i&gt; executioner, while the DMCA prevents appealing to the Eighth Circuit Court of Circumvention Devices? I'd object even if the "jury" emulation was impartial. When I see .wma on a file name my soul cries out for due process! Where is the music's legal aid? Whither my data's habeas corpus rights? Suspended as part of the war on terror? Aiiieee!)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Eh. It&#8217;s a rogue bot? Odd. None of my comments contained links. Most were posted OK, then one triggered the 403 thing and now I have to use an anonymizer to post successfully. Probably the whole ISP&#8217;s been blocked. Moreover, the posts I made before were all deleted! Even the ones that were not objectionable (i.e., before the one that failed, or maybe the one before that one, which suggested working around bad ink cartridges that whine at you to put a coin in the slot to continue and was quite on-topic).</p>
<p>Why is anything automatically nuking posts given the captcha anyway? If bots can&#8217;t post, there&#8217;s no need for bots to moderate.</p>
<p>Simple quick fix &#8212; just disable the rogue bot. The captcha will keep any big blitzkrieg spam runs too big for a human to cope with from happening.</p>
<p>I&#8217;ve seen similar rogue bots cause problems elsewhere, though never so extreme as blanket-banning IP ranges and deleting someone&#8217;s entire history of posts after objecting to just one of them before. In my opinion, they are nothing but trouble, and a captcha and the odd manual check and deletion should suffice. If an actual human being takes the time to spam, it can&#8217;t be so much that an actual human being can&#8217;t take the time to delete the spam, after all.</p>
<p>Certainly, the bot should limit itself to deleting the one post it decides is offending and taking no other action. Probably to just flagging it as &#8220;suspicious&#8221; for your attention. How often does a live human validate themselves at the captcha and then post a spam, anyway?</p>
<p>Another little hint: the bot can surely safely ignore posts with no links (or even URLs-as-text) inside and a bogus one supplied to the URI form. <img src='http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_smile.gif' alt=':)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
<p>Also, the behavior observed seems to have likely required some human component. I don&#8217;t recall anything in the posts that should have twigged a bot. Besides the strong pro-legitimacy weighting the lack of links should have granted, there were no swear words, excessive caps/punctuation, or words in languages like Chinese that pretty much scream &#8220;spam&#8221; when they are used in an English-language blog&#8217;s comment form. Basically, no Bayesian filter with even a minimum of proper training should have identified any of them as spam. Which suggests some idiosyncratic criterion unrelated to the content at all, or else twigging on something that wasn&#8217;t indicative of spam but of, say, an unwelcome opinion being expressed (albeit civilly). Rogue bot it may well be, but it &#8220;looks like&#8221; censorship given the lack of obvious &#8220;red flags&#8221; from a purely anti-spam standpoint, and the strong &#8220;green flag&#8221; that should make postings either go through without question, or at least with an overwhelming number of strongly-weighted &#8220;red flag&#8221; items required to counterbalance it. Nobody spams a blog without including a link(!), and non-spam abuse (especially that survives a captcha) can generally be coped with without resorting to bots set to shoot-first-ask-questions-later.</p>
<p>Sorry to carp on, but this kind of thing is troubling and disturbing to me. Especially seeing as the problem with &#8220;architectures of control&#8221; (when they move beyond wacky-pronged plugs designed not to be accidentally hooked up in &#8220;fry the fancy $3000 video-editing computer&#8221; rather than &#8220;power the fancy $3000 video-editing computer&#8221; configuration, anyway) is basically that they trample all over peoples&#8217; property rights, due process rights, right to elect their legislature, and so forth. (The DMCA, especially, gives the force of criminal law to arbitrary, corporation-written &#8220;laws&#8221;. Basically allowing CEOs to legislate from the conference room. Repealing the DMCA or requiring CEOs be elected by popular vote seems indicated, in order to preserve even a semblance of democracy. It&#8217;s bad enough that a lot of legislation, especially regulatory legislation, is now routinely ghost-written by the very people it&#8217;s supposed to regulate&#8230;yes that includes all the copyright laws and such, since those were supposed to regulate publishers, i.e. what are now the Big Media Conglomerates(tm), NOT Joe Citizen&#8230;Oh, and did I mention that DRM and the like also function as cop, judge, jury, <i>and</i> executioner, while the DMCA prevents appealing to the Eighth Circuit Court of Circumvention Devices? I&#8217;d object even if the &#8220;jury&#8221; emulation was impartial. When I see .wma on a file name my soul cries out for due process! Where is the music&#8217;s legal aid? Whither my data&#8217;s habeas corpus rights? Suspended as part of the war on terror? Aiiieee!)</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Dan</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-11907</link>
		<dc:creator>Dan</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Oct 2006 14:09:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-11907</guid>
		<description>Hi -
I promise I haven't banned or done anything active to block your IP - must be some quirk of the SpamKarma plugin that this blog uses. I'm not able to sort it out right now but will definitely look into it in a few days' time. Many apologies if you've lost anything important you posted, I very much appreciate your comments.

Dan</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi -<br />
I promise I haven&#8217;t banned or done anything active to block your IP - must be some quirk of the SpamKarma plugin that this blog uses. I&#8217;m not able to sort it out right now but will definitely look into it in a few days&#8217; time. Many apologies if you&#8217;ve lost anything important you posted, I very much appreciate your comments.</p>
<p>Dan</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Why</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-11867</link>
		<dc:creator>Why</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Oct 2006 09:29:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-11867</guid>
		<description>OK, looks like you've blocked comment posting from my original IP. I can only assume someone else that shares my ISP abused it, because I know I didn't.

MODIFICATION to thwart "duplicate comment detected". First posting attempt threw up an astonishing 403 Forbidden! What, I'm banned??? Surely not. Second attempt said "duplicate comment detected", probably because before it rejected the first comment, it did record a hash or something for the duplicate detector. Now to see if I'm really banned, or if the posting software is just behaving badly.

Original post follows:

These examples seem to run the gamut from justified to outrageous. For example, making important defense-related structures fortresslike has obvious justification. On the other hand, inhibiting people from congregating is another matter. Particularly and calling the behavior "antisocial", since it's clearly quite the opposite, &lt;i&gt;especially&lt;/i&gt; in a nation whose bill of rights clearly and explicitly includes the "freedom to peacably assemble" as an "inalienable right".

(Violently assemble is another matter, but the protests noted above seemed to become violent only when police or even actual soldiers attempted to violate their rights to "peacably assemble". Probably when they started it by throwing the first punch, or canister of gas, or whatever. The police should not have the right to launch a pre-emptive strike because they think someone &lt;i&gt;might&lt;/i&gt; commit a crime.)

Others I find especially offensive include: making a quad less defensible (making something less attackable makes sense; making it less defensible can only serve the purpose of disempowering or disenfranchising, and so is antidemocratic); making it painful for hippies to walk barefoot (!! -- this is a completely inoffensive behavior, not in the least "antisocial", and narrowly targeted at a particular group of people because you disagree with their politics. Moreover, the behavior targeted clearly falls under free expression, and need not be accompanied by any overt evangelization of those politics whatsoever. Where I come from, if you disagree with someone's politics but they are not being violent or stealing, you ignore them or you debate them, but you do not gratuitously interfere with their behavior out of pure malice.); stopping homeless people sleeping.

Homeless people. What are they expected to do, remain awake 24/7? Die of exposure? Well, actually, it's go away and stay out of sight, out of mind. I think the best thing that could be done to solve the problem is to ban anti-vagrancy laws, including anything that's intended to function as such however phrased. Only when the well-to-do can no longer simply sweep the problem under the rug and walk to their cushy jobs and back to their fancy homes each day unperturbed by reminders that others are less fortunate will something be done by anyone with the power (or money!) to do something effective. Making them hide in alleys or even in volunteer-run shelters with the priority not being public safety or theft-prevention but &lt;i&gt;making them go away and be invisible&lt;/i&gt; is simply terrible public policy. Making a segment of the population invisible disenfranchises and demoralizes them. Undemocratic! They should have shelters to retreat to in bad weather, yes -- and they should have the right to be visible, and to beg for money or do other things so long as they don't get violent or steal or otherwise become more than a minor nuisance. But let them be minor nuisances if they choose, and let them be visible! Only then will there even be many volunteers for those shelters, let alone any chance of addressing the huge unemployment/no job security problems, gaping holes in the safety net, and other issues causing poverty and gross inequities in wealth and opportunity. Certainly any shelters have to include reasonable (cheap) free clothing and the ability to bathe, too -- anyone with no more access to those has zero hope of future employment. But letting them climb up and compete for jobs isn't what the powers that be want, is it? Benefiting from highly unequal wealth distribution while being spared reminders of what this costs some fraction of the population is what they want...)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>OK, looks like you&#8217;ve blocked comment posting from my original IP. I can only assume someone else that shares my ISP abused it, because I know I didn&#8217;t.</p>
<p>MODIFICATION to thwart &#8220;duplicate comment detected&#8221;. First posting attempt threw up an astonishing 403 Forbidden! What, I&#8217;m banned??? Surely not. Second attempt said &#8220;duplicate comment detected&#8221;, probably because before it rejected the first comment, it did record a hash or something for the duplicate detector. Now to see if I&#8217;m really banned, or if the posting software is just behaving badly.</p>
<p>Original post follows:</p>
<p>These examples seem to run the gamut from justified to outrageous. For example, making important defense-related structures fortresslike has obvious justification. On the other hand, inhibiting people from congregating is another matter. Particularly and calling the behavior &#8220;antisocial&#8221;, since it&#8217;s clearly quite the opposite, <i>especially</i> in a nation whose bill of rights clearly and explicitly includes the &#8220;freedom to peacably assemble&#8221; as an &#8220;inalienable right&#8221;.</p>
<p>(Violently assemble is another matter, but the protests noted above seemed to become violent only when police or even actual soldiers attempted to violate their rights to &#8220;peacably assemble&#8221;. Probably when they started it by throwing the first punch, or canister of gas, or whatever. The police should not have the right to launch a pre-emptive strike because they think someone <i>might</i> commit a crime.)</p>
<p>Others I find especially offensive include: making a quad less defensible (making something less attackable makes sense; making it less defensible can only serve the purpose of disempowering or disenfranchising, and so is antidemocratic); making it painful for hippies to walk barefoot (!! &#8212; this is a completely inoffensive behavior, not in the least &#8220;antisocial&#8221;, and narrowly targeted at a particular group of people because you disagree with their politics. Moreover, the behavior targeted clearly falls under free expression, and need not be accompanied by any overt evangelization of those politics whatsoever. Where I come from, if you disagree with someone&#8217;s politics but they are not being violent or stealing, you ignore them or you debate them, but you do not gratuitously interfere with their behavior out of pure malice.); stopping homeless people sleeping.</p>
<p>Homeless people. What are they expected to do, remain awake 24/7? Die of exposure? Well, actually, it&#8217;s go away and stay out of sight, out of mind. I think the best thing that could be done to solve the problem is to ban anti-vagrancy laws, including anything that&#8217;s intended to function as such however phrased. Only when the well-to-do can no longer simply sweep the problem under the rug and walk to their cushy jobs and back to their fancy homes each day unperturbed by reminders that others are less fortunate will something be done by anyone with the power (or money!) to do something effective. Making them hide in alleys or even in volunteer-run shelters with the priority not being public safety or theft-prevention but <i>making them go away and be invisible</i> is simply terrible public policy. Making a segment of the population invisible disenfranchises and demoralizes them. Undemocratic! They should have shelters to retreat to in bad weather, yes &#8212; and they should have the right to be visible, and to beg for money or do other things so long as they don&#8217;t get violent or steal or otherwise become more than a minor nuisance. But let them be minor nuisances if they choose, and let them be visible! Only then will there even be many volunteers for those shelters, let alone any chance of addressing the huge unemployment/no job security problems, gaping holes in the safety net, and other issues causing poverty and gross inequities in wealth and opportunity. Certainly any shelters have to include reasonable (cheap) free clothing and the ability to bathe, too &#8212; anyone with no more access to those has zero hope of future employment. But letting them climb up and compete for jobs isn&#8217;t what the powers that be want, is it? Benefiting from highly unequal wealth distribution while being spared reminders of what this costs some fraction of the population is what they want&#8230;)</p>
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	</item>
	<item>
		<title>By: None of</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-11865</link>
		<dc:creator>None of</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Oct 2006 09:27:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-11865</guid>
		<description>MODIFICATION to thwart "duplicate comment detected". First posting attempt threw up an astonishing 403 Forbidden! What, I'm banned??? Surely not. Second attempt said "duplicate comment detected", probably because before it rejected the first comment, it did record a hash or something for the duplicate detector. Now to see if I'm really banned, or if the posting software is just behaving badly.

Original post follows:

These examples seem to run the gamut from justified to outrageous. For example, making important defense-related structures fortresslike has obvious justification. On the other hand, inhibiting people from congregating is another matter. Particularly and calling the behavior "antisocial", since it's clearly quite the opposite, &lt;i&gt;especially&lt;/i&gt; in a nation whose bill of rights clearly and explicitly includes the "freedom to peacably assemble" as an "inalienable right".

(Violently assemble is another matter, but the protests noted above seemed to become violent only when police or even actual soldiers attempted to violate their rights to "peacably assemble". Probably when they started it by throwing the first punch, or canister of gas, or whatever. The police should not have the right to launch a pre-emptive strike because they think someone &lt;i&gt;might&lt;/i&gt; commit a crime.)

Others I find especially offensive include: making a quad less defensible (making something less attackable makes sense; making it less defensible can only serve the purpose of disempowering or disenfranchising, and so is antidemocratic); making it painful for hippies to walk barefoot (!! -- this is a completely inoffensive behavior, not in the least "antisocial", and narrowly targeted at a particular group of people because you disagree with their politics. Moreover, the behavior targeted clearly falls under free expression, and need not be accompanied by any overt evangelization of those politics whatsoever. Where I come from, if you disagree with someone's politics but they are not being violent or stealing, you ignore them or you debate them, but you do not gratuitously interfere with their behavior out of pure malice.); stopping homeless people sleeping.

Homeless people. What are they expected to do, remain awake 24/7? Die of exposure? Well, actually, it's go away and stay out of sight, out of mind. I think the best thing that could be done to solve the problem is to ban anti-vagrancy laws, including anything that's intended to function as such however phrased. Only when the well-to-do can no longer simply sweep the problem under the rug and walk to their cushy jobs and back to their fancy homes each day unperturbed by reminders that others are less fortunate will something be done by anyone with the power (or money!) to do something effective. Making them hide in alleys or even in volunteer-run shelters with the priority not being public safety or theft-prevention but &lt;i&gt;making them go away and be invisible&lt;/i&gt; is simply terrible public policy. Making a segment of the population invisible disenfranchises and demoralizes them. Undemocratic! They should have shelters to retreat to in bad weather, yes -- and they should have the right to be visible, and to beg for money or do other things so long as they don't get violent or steal or otherwise become more than a minor nuisance. But let them be minor nuisances if they choose, and let them be visible! Only then will there even be many volunteers for those shelters, let alone any chance of addressing the huge unemployment/no job security problems, gaping holes in the safety net, and other issues causing poverty and gross inequities in wealth and opportunity. Certainly any shelters have to include reasonable (cheap) free clothing and the ability to bathe, too -- anyone with no more access to those has zero hope of future employment. But letting them climb up and compete for jobs isn't what the powers that be want, is it? Benefiting from highly unequal wealth distribution while being spared reminders of what this costs some fraction of the population is what they want...)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>MODIFICATION to thwart &#8220;duplicate comment detected&#8221;. First posting attempt threw up an astonishing 403 Forbidden! What, I&#8217;m banned??? Surely not. Second attempt said &#8220;duplicate comment detected&#8221;, probably because before it rejected the first comment, it did record a hash or something for the duplicate detector. Now to see if I&#8217;m really banned, or if the posting software is just behaving badly.</p>
<p>Original post follows:</p>
<p>These examples seem to run the gamut from justified to outrageous. For example, making important defense-related structures fortresslike has obvious justification. On the other hand, inhibiting people from congregating is another matter. Particularly and calling the behavior &#8220;antisocial&#8221;, since it&#8217;s clearly quite the opposite, <i>especially</i> in a nation whose bill of rights clearly and explicitly includes the &#8220;freedom to peacably assemble&#8221; as an &#8220;inalienable right&#8221;.</p>
<p>(Violently assemble is another matter, but the protests noted above seemed to become violent only when police or even actual soldiers attempted to violate their rights to &#8220;peacably assemble&#8221;. Probably when they started it by throwing the first punch, or canister of gas, or whatever. The police should not have the right to launch a pre-emptive strike because they think someone <i>might</i> commit a crime.)</p>
<p>Others I find especially offensive include: making a quad less defensible (making something less attackable makes sense; making it less defensible can only serve the purpose of disempowering or disenfranchising, and so is antidemocratic); making it painful for hippies to walk barefoot (!! &#8212; this is a completely inoffensive behavior, not in the least &#8220;antisocial&#8221;, and narrowly targeted at a particular group of people because you disagree with their politics. Moreover, the behavior targeted clearly falls under free expression, and need not be accompanied by any overt evangelization of those politics whatsoever. Where I come from, if you disagree with someone&#8217;s politics but they are not being violent or stealing, you ignore them or you debate them, but you do not gratuitously interfere with their behavior out of pure malice.); stopping homeless people sleeping.</p>
<p>Homeless people. What are they expected to do, remain awake 24/7? Die of exposure? Well, actually, it&#8217;s go away and stay out of sight, out of mind. I think the best thing that could be done to solve the problem is to ban anti-vagrancy laws, including anything that&#8217;s intended to function as such however phrased. Only when the well-to-do can no longer simply sweep the problem under the rug and walk to their cushy jobs and back to their fancy homes each day unperturbed by reminders that others are less fortunate will something be done by anyone with the power (or money!) to do something effective. Making them hide in alleys or even in volunteer-run shelters with the priority not being public safety or theft-prevention but <i>making them go away and be invisible</i> is simply terrible public policy. Making a segment of the population invisible disenfranchises and demoralizes them. Undemocratic! They should have shelters to retreat to in bad weather, yes &#8212; and they should have the right to be visible, and to beg for money or do other things so long as they don&#8217;t get violent or steal or otherwise become more than a minor nuisance. But let them be minor nuisances if they choose, and let them be visible! Only then will there even be many volunteers for those shelters, let alone any chance of addressing the huge unemployment/no job security problems, gaping holes in the safety net, and other issues causing poverty and gross inequities in wealth and opportunity. Certainly any shelters have to include reasonable (cheap) free clothing and the ability to bathe, too &#8212; anyone with no more access to those has zero hope of future employment. But letting them climb up and compete for jobs isn&#8217;t what the powers that be want, is it? Benefiting from highly unequal wealth distribution while being spared reminders of what this costs some fraction of the population is what they want&#8230;)</p>
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		<title>By: None of</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-11863</link>
		<dc:creator>None of</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Oct 2006 09:24:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-11863</guid>
		<description>These examples seem to run the gamut from justified to outrageous. For example, making important defense-related structures fortresslike has obvious justification. On the other hand, inhibiting people from congregating is another matter. Particularly and calling the behavior "antisocial", since it's clearly quite the opposite, &lt;i&gt;especially&lt;/i&gt; in a nation whose bill of rights clearly and explicitly includes the "freedom to peacably assemble" as an "inalienable right".

(Violently assemble is another matter, but the protests noted above seemed to become violent only when police or even actual soldiers attempted to violate their rights to "peacably assemble". Probably when they started it by throwing the first punch, or canister of gas, or whatever. The police should not have the right to launch a pre-emptive strike because they think someone &lt;i&gt;might&lt;/i&gt; commit a crime.)

Others I find especially offensive include: making a quad less defensible (making something less attackable makes sense; making it less defensible can only serve the purpose of disempowering or disenfranchising, and so is antidemocratic); making it painful for hippies to walk barefoot (!! -- this is a completely inoffensive behavior, not in the least "antisocial", and narrowly targeted at a particular group of people because you disagree with their politics. Moreover, the behavior targeted clearly falls under free expression, and need not be accompanied by any overt evangelization of those politics whatsoever. Where I come from, if you disagree with someone's politics but they are not being violent or stealing, you ignore them or you debate them, but you do not gratuitously interfere with their behavior out of pure malice.); stopping homeless people sleeping.

Homeless people. What are they expected to do, remain awake 24/7? Die of exposure? Well, actually, it's go away and stay out of sight, out of mind. I think the best thing that could be done to solve the problem is to ban anti-vagrancy laws, including anything that's intended to function as such however phrased. Only when the well-to-do can no longer simply sweep the problem under the rug and walk to their cushy jobs and back to their fancy homes each day unperturbed by reminders that others are less fortunate will something be done by anyone with the power (or money!) to do something effective. Making them hide in alleys or even in volunteer-run shelters with the priority not being public safety or theft-prevention but &lt;i&gt;making them go away and be invisible&lt;/i&gt; is simply terrible public policy. Making a segment of the population invisible disenfranchises and demoralizes them. Undemocratic! They should have shelters to retreat to in bad weather, yes -- and they should have the right to be visible, and to beg for money or do other things so long as they don't get violent or steal or otherwise become more than a minor nuisance. But let them be minor nuisances if they choose, and let them be visible! Only then will there even be many volunteers for those shelters, let alone any chance of addressing the huge unemployment/no job security problems, gaping holes in the safety net, and other issues causing poverty and gross inequities in wealth and opportunity. Certainly any shelters have to include reasonable (cheap) free clothing and the ability to bathe, too -- anyone with no more access to those has zero hope of future employment. But letting them climb up and compete for jobs isn't what the powers that be want, is it? Benefiting from highly unequal wealth distribution while being spared reminders of what this costs some fraction of the population is what they want...)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>These examples seem to run the gamut from justified to outrageous. For example, making important defense-related structures fortresslike has obvious justification. On the other hand, inhibiting people from congregating is another matter. Particularly and calling the behavior &#8220;antisocial&#8221;, since it&#8217;s clearly quite the opposite, <i>especially</i> in a nation whose bill of rights clearly and explicitly includes the &#8220;freedom to peacably assemble&#8221; as an &#8220;inalienable right&#8221;.</p>
<p>(Violently assemble is another matter, but the protests noted above seemed to become violent only when police or even actual soldiers attempted to violate their rights to &#8220;peacably assemble&#8221;. Probably when they started it by throwing the first punch, or canister of gas, or whatever. The police should not have the right to launch a pre-emptive strike because they think someone <i>might</i> commit a crime.)</p>
<p>Others I find especially offensive include: making a quad less defensible (making something less attackable makes sense; making it less defensible can only serve the purpose of disempowering or disenfranchising, and so is antidemocratic); making it painful for hippies to walk barefoot (!! &#8212; this is a completely inoffensive behavior, not in the least &#8220;antisocial&#8221;, and narrowly targeted at a particular group of people because you disagree with their politics. Moreover, the behavior targeted clearly falls under free expression, and need not be accompanied by any overt evangelization of those politics whatsoever. Where I come from, if you disagree with someone&#8217;s politics but they are not being violent or stealing, you ignore them or you debate them, but you do not gratuitously interfere with their behavior out of pure malice.); stopping homeless people sleeping.</p>
<p>Homeless people. What are they expected to do, remain awake 24/7? Die of exposure? Well, actually, it&#8217;s go away and stay out of sight, out of mind. I think the best thing that could be done to solve the problem is to ban anti-vagrancy laws, including anything that&#8217;s intended to function as such however phrased. Only when the well-to-do can no longer simply sweep the problem under the rug and walk to their cushy jobs and back to their fancy homes each day unperturbed by reminders that others are less fortunate will something be done by anyone with the power (or money!) to do something effective. Making them hide in alleys or even in volunteer-run shelters with the priority not being public safety or theft-prevention but <i>making them go away and be invisible</i> is simply terrible public policy. Making a segment of the population invisible disenfranchises and demoralizes them. Undemocratic! They should have shelters to retreat to in bad weather, yes &#8212; and they should have the right to be visible, and to beg for money or do other things so long as they don&#8217;t get violent or steal or otherwise become more than a minor nuisance. But let them be minor nuisances if they choose, and let them be visible! Only then will there even be many volunteers for those shelters, let alone any chance of addressing the huge unemployment/no job security problems, gaping holes in the safety net, and other issues causing poverty and gross inequities in wealth and opportunity. Certainly any shelters have to include reasonable (cheap) free clothing and the ability to bathe, too &#8212; anyone with no more access to those has zero hope of future employment. But letting them climb up and compete for jobs isn&#8217;t what the powers that be want, is it? Benefiting from highly unequal wealth distribution while being spared reminders of what this costs some fraction of the population is what they want&#8230;)</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: simon</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-11855</link>
		<dc:creator>simon</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Oct 2006 08:03:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-11855</guid>
		<description>These Architectures of control aren't new: temples in India and Morocco have gateways with lintels so low that people must dip or bow to enter the temple, just in case they weren't intending to respect their gods.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>These Architectures of control aren&#8217;t new: temples in India and Morocco have gateways with lintels so low that people must dip or bow to enter the temple, just in case they weren&#8217;t intending to respect their gods.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Aapo Laitinen</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-11593</link>
		<dc:creator>Aapo Laitinen</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 22 Oct 2006 20:31:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-11593</guid>
		<description>Thanks for the information. I was aware of the students protests in the 60's but didn't remember how tragic their outcome was.

Indeed, working or living in a building that has an uncanny resemblance to a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blockhouse"&gt;blockhouse&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mombasa"&gt;New Mombasa&lt;/a&gt; might be unsettling.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks for the information. I was aware of the students protests in the 60&#8217;s but didn&#8217;t remember how tragic their outcome was.</p>
<p>Indeed, working or living in a building that has an uncanny resemblance to a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blockhouse">blockhouse</a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mombasa">New Mombasa</a> might be unsettling.</p>
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		<title>By: Dan</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-11430</link>
		<dc:creator>Dan</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 21 Oct 2006 12:07:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-11430</guid>
		<description>Certainly, Aapo. I'm sure US readers will be able to explain more, but as I understand it, there were a significant number of student protests (against the Vietnam war, in favour of civil rights, and various other causes) at American universities, particularly during the 1960s and 70s, many of which turned violent with the involvement of law enforcement or the military, and thus architects were instructed to plan university and college layouts to make it more difficult for students to gather &lt;em&gt;en masse&lt;/em&gt;.

For example:

The &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent_State_Shootings" rel="nofollow"&gt;shootings at Kent State University&lt;/a&gt;, in Ohio, 1970, when a riot broke out amid demonstrations against the US's invasion of Cambodia, and the National Guard killed four students;

&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Park" rel="nofollow"&gt;People's Park at Berkeley&lt;/a&gt;, where a student was shot dead by police in 1969 amid a protest about the university destroying the park;

The &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackson_State_killings" rel="nofollow"&gt;Jackson State College killings&lt;/a&gt;, in 1970, when police opened fire on students protesting about "the Vietnam War, the... Kent State shootings, and racial tensions";

There have also been riots related to university sports (e.g. &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michigan_State_University_student_riot" rel="nofollow"&gt;Michigan State&lt;/a&gt;).

It'd be interesting to know whether the architecture of a university itself has ever &lt;em&gt;contributed&lt;/em&gt; to student unrest. For example, when I was an undergraduate at Brunel University in the UK, the prospect of my department moving from &lt;a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a9/Brunel_University_Runnymede.jpg" rel="nofollow"&gt;this building&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href="http://people.brunel.ac.uk/~eestjpc/Image22.gif" rel="nofollow"&gt; this building&lt;/a&gt; was sufficient to cause a number of students to forgo a placement year and thus finish their course a year early rather than have to live and work in such a different environment. That's a long way from rioting, but it certainly caused 'unrest'!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Certainly, Aapo. I&#8217;m sure US readers will be able to explain more, but as I understand it, there were a significant number of student protests (against the Vietnam war, in favour of civil rights, and various other causes) at American universities, particularly during the 1960s and 70s, many of which turned violent with the involvement of law enforcement or the military, and thus architects were instructed to plan university and college layouts to make it more difficult for students to gather <em>en masse</em>.</p>
<p>For example:</p>
<p>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent_State_Shootings" rel="nofollow">shootings at Kent State University</a>, in Ohio, 1970, when a riot broke out amid demonstrations against the US&#8217;s invasion of Cambodia, and the National Guard killed four students;</p>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Park" rel="nofollow">People&#8217;s Park at Berkeley</a>, where a student was shot dead by police in 1969 amid a protest about the university destroying the park;</p>
<p>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackson_State_killings" rel="nofollow">Jackson State College killings</a>, in 1970, when police opened fire on students protesting about &#8220;the Vietnam War, the&#8230; Kent State shootings, and racial tensions&#8221;;</p>
<p>There have also been riots related to university sports (e.g. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michigan_State_University_student_riot" rel="nofollow">Michigan State</a>).</p>
<p>It&#8217;d be interesting to know whether the architecture of a university itself has ever <em>contributed</em> to student unrest. For example, when I was an undergraduate at Brunel University in the UK, the prospect of my department moving from <a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a9/Brunel_University_Runnymede.jpg" rel="nofollow">this building</a> to <a href="http://people.brunel.ac.uk/~eestjpc/Image22.gif" rel="nofollow"> this building</a> was sufficient to cause a number of students to forgo a placement year and thus finish their course a year early rather than have to live and work in such a different environment. That&#8217;s a long way from rioting, but it certainly caused &#8216;unrest&#8217;!</p>
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		<title>By: Aapo Laitinen</title>
		<link>http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/20/bruce-schneier-architecture-security/#comment-11426</link>
		<dc:creator>Aapo Laitinen</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 21 Oct 2006 11:27:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/?p=145#comment-11426</guid>
		<description>Could you provide some background on why university buildings need to be made "riotproof" in the US?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Could you provide some background on why university buildings need to be made &#8220;riotproof&#8221; in the US?</p>
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